Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) have been undercounted for decades. Today, roughly one in five Asian Americans live in hard-to-count census tracts, along with one third of NHPIs.

American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN or Native peoples) have been undercounted for decades and roughly one quarter (26 percent) of Natives currently live in hard-to-count Census tracts.

The African-American population has been historically undercounted in the decennial census, disadvantaging their families, communities, and neighborhoods.

Communities of color, urban and rural low-income households, immigrants, and young children are all at risk of being missed at disproportionately high rates. Being undercounted deprives already vulnerable communities of fair representation and vital community resources.

Achieving a fair and accurate 2020 Census will require states to invest in community-based organizations (CBOs) as partners to ensure that trusted voices in local communities reach skeptical people about why it is important to fill out the census form.